A veteran Peruvian diplomat, lawyer and professor, he was the first and only Latin American citizen to hold the top UN job so far.
Born in Lima (Peru) on 19 January 1920, he was appointed to lead the UN after 42 years of diplomatic service.
Distinguished diplomatic career
"Mr. Perez de Cuellar's life spanned not only a century but also the entire history of the
United Nations, dating back to his participation in the first meeting of the General Assembly in 1946,"
Mr. Guterres expressed.
Over the course of his career, in addition to being his country's Ambassador to Switzerland —as well as the then Soviet Union, Poland and Venezuela— Mr. Perez de Cuellar held many high level positions in Peru's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, including Permanent Representative to the United Nations in 1971.
During his month presiding over the UN Security Council, in July 1974, he ably-managed the crisis in Cyprus. A year later, he was appointed as the Secretary-General's Special Representative in Cyprus for two years, then went on to become the UN chief of Political Affairs and Representative of the UN in Afghanistan.
The Cold War period and the growing role of the UN
Mr. Guterres said that his predecessor's tenure as Secretary-General coincided with two distinct eras in international affairs: first, some of the iciest years of the Cold War, and then, with the ideological confrontation at an end, a time when the UN began to play more fully the role envisaged by the founders.
In 1982, his tenure as UN chief started with intense negotiations between the United Kingdom and Argentina over the disputed sovereignty of the Falkland Islands/Malvinas. Persistent through the countless challenges, Mr. Perez de Cuellar produced a now famous phrase, referring to the peace talks: "The patient is in intensive care but still alive."
Despite health issues, he agreed to serve for a second term as UN chief. In his acceptance speech in 1986, he referenced the financial crisis that the UN was going through at the time, saying that "to decline in such circumstances would have been tantamount to abandoning a moral duty toward the United Nations."
Reiterating his unshakable faith in the permanent validity of the Organization, he added that the UN's "difficult situation" provided a "creative opportunity for renewal and reform."
"Mr. Perez de Cuellar played a crucial role in a number of diplomatic successes —including the independence of Namibia, an end to the Iran-Iraq War, the release of American hostages held in Lebanon, the peace accord in Cambodia— and —in his very last days in office— a historic peace agreement in El Salvador," the current UN chief underlined.
His second term was also marked by the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan. Among others, his team facilitated political stability in Nicaragua.
In 1987, he was awarded the Prince of Asturias Prize for the promotion of Ibero-American co-operation. In 1989, he received the Olof Palme Prize for International Understanding and Common Security, and the Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding.
Long after his term as Secretary-General ended in 1991, he remained true to the values of the UN, and continued advocating for peace, justice, human rights and human dignity throughout his life. Decorated by some 25 countries, he was also the recipient of several honorary degrees.
In his speech to the Nobel Committee —which awarded the Nobel Peace Prize to UN Peacekeeping Operations in 1989— he defined the role of inter-governmental organizations like the United Nations as being to "draw the line between struggle and conflict." Thanks to his unyielding determination, he helped many nations "stay on the right side of that line."
"I extend my deepest condolences to Mr. Perez de Cuellar's family, the Peruvian people and so many others around the world whose lives were touched by a remarkable and compassionate global leader who left our world a far better place," Mr. Guterres concluded.
Editor's note: Information provided by the United Nations.
(END) NDP/MVB