will be different for Peruvians.
After more than three decades, the Congress of the Republic will once again include a Senate, which, together with the Chamber of Deputies, will form the bicameral Parliament.
The Senate will be made up of 60 senators, while the Chamber of Deputies will have 130 members elected for a five-year term.
The Senate
Composed of 60 senators.
How will senators be elected?
A total of 30 senators will be elected through a Single National Electoral District, representing all Peruvians (nationwide vote).
Another 30 senators will be elected through a Multiple Electoral District system across 27 constituencies: 23 regions, Metropolitan Lima, Lima Provinces, Callao, and Peruvians abroad.
The seat distribution under this system will be as follows:
By region: 1 seat each (23 departments)
Peruvians abroad: 1 seat
Callao: 1 seat
Metropolitan Lima: 4 seats
Lima Provinces: 1 seat
Chamber of Deputies
Composed of 130 deputies.
How will deputies be elected?
A total of 28 deputies will be elected directly from the 27 electoral constituencies, namely: the regions (23) including Callao, Metropolitan Lima, Lima Provinces, and Peruvians residing abroad.
Regions: 1 deputy each (23 regions)
Callao: 1 deputy
Metropolitan Lima: 1 deputy
Lima Provinces: 1 deputy
Peruvians abroad: 2 deputies
102 deputies will be elected proportionally across 26 electoral constituencies, which include the 23 regions, Callao, Metropolitan Lima, and Lima Provinces.
This proportional system does not apply to Peruvians abroad.
What is the Multiple Electoral District?
The electoral constituency aims to assign the number of senators that each region will have.
To do this, the country is divided into several territorial constituencies, taking into account their electoral population, in order to ensure adequate representation.
In Peru, there are 27 electoral constituencies, which are as follows: Amazonas, Ancash, Apurimac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Callao, Cusco, Huancavelica, Huanuco, Ica, Junin, La Libertad, Lambayeque, Metropolitan Lima, Lima Provinces, Peruvians residing abroad, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Moquegua, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Martín, Tacna, Tumbes, and Ucayali.
What is the Single Electoral District?
It is the vote of all Peruvians. In this case, all voters will have the opportunity to cast a preferential vote, so that the senators elected will be those who receive the highest number of votes nationwide.
Return to Bicameralism
The return to a bicameral Congress is one of the main political reforms approved by Congress in 2024, aimed at improving the quality of political representation and legislative output.
In 1990, Peruvians last elected a Parliament composed of a Senate and a Chamber of Deputies under the 1979 Constitution.
Following the dissolution of Congress on April 5, 1992, the 1993 Constitution was approved, establishing a unicameral Congress.
Elected for the 2021–2026 term, the current Parliament will be the last unicameral one.